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Predictability of Postprandial Lipidemia by Fasting Values in Young Women
Erika Mizutani-Watanabe,
Michitaka Naito
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, September 2023
Pages:
116-122
Received:
9 August 2023
Accepted:
2 September 2023
Published:
14 September 2023
Abstract: For postprandial hyperlipidemia, screening large numbers of subjects by fat-ingestion tests is inconvenient and unrealistic. In the present study, we performed a fat-ingestion test and searched for fasting items to predict postprandial lipidemia. Methods: Healthy young Japanese women (n=54, age 21.1 ± 1.0 y) with apolipoprotein E phenotype 3/3 were enrolled. They ingested fat cream (OFTT cream™, Jomo, Japan; 1 g/kg as cream, 0.35 g/kg as fat). Venous blood samples were taken before (0 h) and at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after ingestion. Results: In multiple regression analyses, the area under the curve (AUC) and the peak of serum triglyceride (TG) were predictable by fasting (f)-TG itself, the AUC of remnant-like particle-TG (RP-TG) was predictable by f-TG and f-RP-TG, the AUC and the peak of remnant lipoprotein-cholesterol (RLP-C) were predictable by f-RLP-C itself, and those of apolipoprotein B-48 (ApoB48) were predictable by f-ApoB48 itself. The AUC and the peak of TG–RP-TG, an index of non-remnant TG, were predictable by f-TG. Conclusion: Postprandial lipidemia may be predictable by the measurement of the set of fasting serum TG, RLP-C, and ApoB48. For daily medical practice, without performing a fat-ingestion test, the set may provide a useful device for predicting postprandial lipidemia.
Abstract: For postprandial hyperlipidemia, screening large numbers of subjects by fat-ingestion tests is inconvenient and unrealistic. In the present study, we performed a fat-ingestion test and searched for fasting items to predict postprandial lipidemia. Methods: Healthy young Japanese women (n=54, age 21.1 ± 1.0 y) with apolipoprotein E phenotype 3/3 were...
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The Importance and Necessity of Ensuring Food Safety
Jаmshid Shаrаfetdinоvich Tukhtаbаev
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, September 2023
Pages:
123-126
Received:
19 June 2023
Accepted:
6 July 2023
Published:
27 September 2023
Abstract: This article focuses on the need to ensure food safety. The results of large-scale reforms to ensure food security are reflected. On this topic, the results of scientific research conducted by leading economists of the countries of the world, and the measures taken by the countries of the world and the FAO organization to ensure food safety were studied. The concept of food security also requires the country to achieve independence and self-sufficiency in terms of basic food. Food independence means the possibility of providing the country's population with basic food products at the expense of domestic resources and production in an amount no less dangerous. Based on these opinions, in our opinion, the concept of food security is based on achieving food independence based on the self-sufficiency of the country in food products by harmonizing domestic sources of sustainable economic development and acceptable levels of imports necessary for citizens to have a reliable and stable physical (quantitative), economic and social access to high-quality and safe food products necessary to ensure an active and healthy lifestyle, in volumes not less than the expressed rational consumption norms established in the country. The study is based on the results of extensive analysis and observations based on scientific, theoretical and practical research. As a result of our scientific research, scientific and practical proposals and recommendations for ensuring food safety have been developed.
Abstract: This article focuses on the need to ensure food safety. The results of large-scale reforms to ensure food security are reflected. On this topic, the results of scientific research conducted by leading economists of the countries of the world, and the measures taken by the countries of the world and the FAO organization to ensure food safety were st...
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Review Article
Production and Sanitary Profiles Evaluation of Complementary Fortified Flours with Moringa oleifera Lam Varieties Cooked, Precooked and Dried in Niger Republic
Magagi Saidou,
Oumarou Diadié Halima,
Mani Mamman,
Balla Abdourahamane,
Adam Toudou
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, September 2023
Pages:
127-137
Received:
13 September 2023
Accepted:
7 October 2023
Published:
28 October 2023
Abstract: The effects of processing technologies, fortification with local resources, microbial pathogens and anti-nutrients hindered quality of complementary flours and became harmful for consumption and health. The objectives of this study were aimed to evaluate the sanitary qualities of complementary flours fortified with varieties Moringa oleifera Local (MoL) and Moringa oleifera Periyakulam1 (MoPKM1) and to establish the relationships between the fortification, the thermal treatments and shadow drying, the varieties of Moringa oleifera and the flours quality. The methodology was based on the analyses of microbiological pathogens, anti-nutrients and of ANOVA. The results had shown that fortification with MoL and MoPKM1 had antimicrobial and antifungal effects. The fortified flours FCMPSO, FCMLSO, FCMPCV, FCMLCV, FCMPPV, and FCMLPV were exempt of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella (0 CFU/g). Also, the total Yeasts and Molds value of 10.63×104 CFU/g for FCT (no fortified) decreased to < 20 CFU/g for FCMPSO and FCMLPV fortified. Moreover, the values of phytates and oxalates were decreased by cooking, precooking, shadow drying and fortification with MoPKM1 and MoL. The variety MoL had higher content of phytates and oxalates while MoPKM1 had higher content of total polyphenols. The fortification with MoPKM1 had decreased the oxalate values from 21.2 µg/100 g for FCT to 11.6; 12.3; 13.1 and 14.7 µg/100 g for FCMPPE, FCMPCV, FCMPSO and FCMPCE respectively. The fortification with MoPKM1 had increased the values of total polyphenols from 89 to 131 µg/100 g respectively for FCT and FCMLCV. Whereas, the total polyphenol values of 131; 129 and 126 µg/100 g for FCMLCV, FCMLPV, FCMLCE fortified with MoL were higher than 91; 98; 100; 112 µg/100 g for FCMPSO, FCMPPE, FCMPCV, FCMPPV fortified with MoPKM1 (p < 0,05) respectively. Steam cooking and precooking preserved polyphenols better than shadow drying and water cooking. The microbiological pathogens and anti-nutritional properties for MoPKM1, MoL and fortified flours FCMPPV, FCMLPV, FCMPSO, and FCMLSO were conformed to sanitary safety standards and safe for human consumption. The varieties MoPKM1 could be used as vectors for quality fortification of complementary flours. Results valorization could enhance food and nutrition security, competitiveness of complementary flours, prevention and fight against anemia, malnutrition and poverty in developing countries.
Abstract: The effects of processing technologies, fortification with local resources, microbial pathogens and anti-nutrients hindered quality of complementary flours and became harmful for consumption and health. The objectives of this study were aimed to evaluate the sanitary qualities of complementary flours fortified with varieties Moringa oleifera Local ...
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Research Article
Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in Three Regions with High-Security Challenges in Burkina Faso: The North-Central, North and East Regions
Souleymane Sankara,
Sibiri Bougma,
Ines Wendlassida Zaheira Kere,
Souleymane Zio,
Moussa Ouédraogo,
Fatoumata Hama-Ba,
Aly Savadogo
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, September 2023
Pages:
138-147
Received:
14 September 2023
Accepted:
8 October 2023
Published:
28 October 2023
Abstract: Appropriate infant and young child feeding is essential to reduce mortality among children under 2 in emergency situations. Burkina Faso has been facing a growing humanitarian crisis since December 2018, which has resulted in large numbers of internally displaced people in several regions of the country, including the North, North-Central and East. The aim of the present study was to assess Infant and Young Child Feeding practices among IDPs and hosts in these regions. A structured questionary was administrated to 669 mothers and caregivers of children aged 0 to 23 months in 650 households to collect data on breastfeeding and feeding practices for children aged 0 to 23 months. Results showed better colostrum consumption (98%), early breastfeeding (99.5%) and exclusive breastfeeding (83.3%) practices for the Eastern region. The best rates of introduction of solid (84.6%), semi-solid or soft (61.8%) foods, minimum meal frequency and acceptable food intake (17.2%) were observed in the Northern region. Certain factors were strongly associated with minimum dietary diversity in children aged 6 to 23 for the North-Central (AOR = 2.61; 95% CI: 1.07-6.42; P = 0.036), North (AOR = 8.73; 95% CI: 3.80-20.06; P = 0.000), mother's level of education "secondary and above" (AOR = 1.94; 95% CI: 0.99-3.80; p = 0.052 ), for a household owns its dwelling (AOR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.05-3.54; p = 0.033), for an improved household water source (AOR = 4.11; 95% CI: 1.11-15.17; p = 0.034) and for a mother familiar with plumpy nut (AOR = 2.55; 95% CI: 1.25-5.18; p = 0.010). In Burkina Faso's security-challenged areas, nutrition education and social behavior change communication with mothers and caregivers must be at the heart of any strategy to improve infant and young child feeding.
Abstract: Appropriate infant and young child feeding is essential to reduce mortality among children under 2 in emergency situations. Burkina Faso has been facing a growing humanitarian crisis since December 2018, which has resulted in large numbers of internally displaced people in several regions of the country, including the North, North-Central and East....
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Review Article
The Necessity of Providing Optimal Micronutrients to the Preterm Low Birth Weight Infants for Preventing Long-Term Health Complications in Perspective of Bangladesh
Azizul Hossain,
Abu Nayeem Mohammad Shahidul Islam Bhuiyan,
Iftekhar-Ul-Haque Khan,
Mohammad Yousuf Faruqi Parvez,
Farah Chowdhury,
Firoza Akter,
Shanta Datta,
Ziaur Rahman
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, September 2023
Pages:
148-157
Received:
17 September 2023
Accepted:
4 October 2023
Published:
30 October 2023
Abstract: Preterm newborns are more likely to experience malnutrition because they have undeveloped body systems and lower levels of body storage for nutrients. Complementary feeding that is out of balance increases the risk of nutritional excesses and deficiencies. However, there is little information on their dietary needs after leaving the hospital. Appropriate micronutrient intake should be taken into account when planning supplemental feeding because of their crucial role in supporting numerous bodily processes. This narrative review provides an overview of the requirements for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), iron, zinc, vitamin D, calcium, and phosphate supplementation in preterm babies during supplemental feeding. The scientific community is beginning to comprehend the benefits of giving iron and vitamin D supplements to specific subgroups of preterm infants. On the other hand, there isn't enough information yet to provide precise suggestions for the inclusion of LCPUFAs, zinc, calcium, and phosphorus. But the preterms' health depends on these micronutrients: While calcium and phosphorus supplements are important to prevent metabolic bone disease (MBD) in preterm infants, LCPUFAs can promote the development of the retina and the brain. While we wait for consensus on these micronutrients, it is clear how knowledge of the heterogeneity in the premature population may help modify nutritional planning in connection to the growth rate, comorbidities, and detailed clinical history of the preterm baby.
Abstract: Preterm newborns are more likely to experience malnutrition because they have undeveloped body systems and lower levels of body storage for nutrients. Complementary feeding that is out of balance increases the risk of nutritional excesses and deficiencies. However, there is little information on their dietary needs after leaving the hospital. Appro...
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Research Article
Effect of Temperature and Time on the Bacterial Community Changes and Enterobacteriaceae Counts Analysis for Shelf Life Estimation of Hainan Tropical Fresh-Cut Fruit Trays
Meng Zhu,
Suishan Yang,
Lidan Kou,
Xiuting Chang,
Xiaoju Luo,
Zuorong Xie
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, September 2023
Pages:
158-165
Received:
20 September 2023
Accepted:
26 October 2023
Published:
31 October 2023
Abstract: Storage time and temperature are key factors in the growth of disease-causing and spoilage-causing microorganisms in tropical fresh-cut fruit trays, which affect the shelf life and food safety of fruit trays. The aim of this study was to characterize the bacterial community in tropical fresh-cut fruit trays and to establish a growth model and predict the shelf life of the fruit trays by the change in the number of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria to facilitate the control of storage temperature and time during the trading process. The results showed that Proteobacteria demonstrated significant changes at different storage temperatures conditions (6, 10 and 15°C). Sensory analysis showed a loss in freshness and texture and an increase in ripeness at the three storage temperatures, with shelf life of tropical fresh-cut fruit trays being within 24 hours at 6°C and sold within 10 hours if possible at 10°C. The growth model and shelf-life prediction model with Enterobacteriaceae bacterial population finally yielded a theoretical shelf-life of 7.8 h at 15°C. Based on the results of the above study, fruit retailers can adjust the storage conditions and time of tropical fresh-cut fruit trays to effectively reduce the spoilage rate of fruit trays and contribute to food loss and waste at the consumer and retail levels. Meanwhile, food safety risks can be effectively reduced.
Abstract: Storage time and temperature are key factors in the growth of disease-causing and spoilage-causing microorganisms in tropical fresh-cut fruit trays, which affect the shelf life and food safety of fruit trays. The aim of this study was to characterize the bacterial community in tropical fresh-cut fruit trays and to establish a growth model and predi...
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